АПК: ЭКОНОМИКА, УПРАВЛЕНИЕ

About perspective trends in development of grain policy of Kazakhstan

Bykov G.

The relevance of the research topic is to analyze the modern grain policy of Kazakhstan and summarize the most important promising areas of its development, ensuring a further increase in the production and export of grain. Based on the message of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan to his people of January 30, 2017, "The Third Modernization of Kazakhstan: Global Competitiveness", the state program "National Export Strategy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2018-2022" and other = programs, the necessary conditions are created to increase grain exports of at least 1.5 times and labour productivity growth in the work in the grain sub complex by 45.1%. The purpose of the work is to identify and evaluate promising trends in the development of the national sub complex of the country, ensuring the growth of its effectiveness as the main sector of the entire agrarian economy of the state. At the same time, an important place is given to the expansion of cross-border cooperation with Russia, China, Uzbekistan and other Asian countries on the creation of joint ventures, centres of border trade in grain, the development of new logistics infrastructures and their joint use in the export of grain.

Consideration of scale effect in the improvement of the strategy of grain farming development

Zyukin D.

Целью исследования является формирование направлений, позволяющих улучшить стратегию развития зернового хозяйства. В качестве важного фактора, определяющего эффективность производства зерносеющих организаций, исследуется влияние эффекта масштаба, отражаемого размерами посевных площадей и величиной затрат на производство. Основным методом анализа является группировка, согласно которой зерносеющие организации области распределены по кластерам, а показатели, характеризующие в среднем каждый из них, сопоставляются между собой. В качестве основных показателей, по которым выполняется сравнительная оценка результативности и эффективности производства зерна, использовались: выручка, прибыль, затраты на производство и урожайность, определяемые в расчете на 1 га посевов зерновых, а также рентабельность продаж зерна. В исследовании подтверждено, что эффект масштаба значительно влияет на эффективность производства зерна. Наиболее эффективными кластерами зернопроизводителей в 2014-2016 гг. в Курской области являлись крупные хозяйства с посевной площадью зерновых от 4 до 8 тыс. га и от 8 до 16 тыс. га, при этом самые крупные зерносеющие организации региона гораздо менее эффективны, что свидетельствует о наличии ограничений эффекта масштаба. На основе полученных результатов анализа сформирован ряд приоритетных направлений регулирования и поддержки развития производителей зерна.

Development of methodical bases of forecasting of production capabilities of the agro food sector of economy

Ananyev M., Burlankov S., Ananyeva O., Burlankov P.

The relevance of the proposed is due to problems of implementing a development strategy of the national food supply system considering the parameters of food security in the problem sectors, which include beef production, milk, the formation of a national seed system, staffing and the need for skilled personnel and the development of horticulture. An important aspect of this is the further improvement of the mechanism for forecasting food volumes in the conditions of insufficient systematic methods of managerial influence and the lack of development resources. The imperfection of today’s approaches used are of particular importance because the development trends of national food supply system are not described in the modern prognosis and not correspond to the development parameters of problem sectors of the food market. Thus, the development of the mechanism for managing the development of the national food supply system requires the improvement of methodological tools to ensure this strategic objective. The purpose of this article is to form a methodological approach to predict the parameters of the problem sectors of the agro-food market and on the basis of this further improvement of proposals to improve the management of the development of the national food supply system.

Development strategy of the agricultural sector of Siberia till 2035: socio-economic aspects

Pershukevich P., Tyu L.

The problems of the development of agro-industrial production in the regions of Siberia are identified. It is proved that in Siberian Federal district (SFO) there is a possibility to increase the volume of agricultural production to meet the needs of the local population in the main types of food according to the recommended rational norms, as well as the formation of the export potential for a number of products. Developed forecast of production of agricultural products in the subjects of the Russian Federation in SFO up to 2035, it is presented in two versions - mobilization and innovative. It is proved that for solving strategic challenges facing agriculture the district required implementation of the innovation scenario, which will require a significant increase in investment in the industry. The main strategic priorities of the socio-economic development of the agro-industrial complex have been identified. Among them are proposals for improving the general conditions of the industry, territorial-sectoral division of labour, the formation of rational intra-industry structural proportions in agriculture of subjects of the Russian Federation in SFO. The main innovation and investment priorities for the development of the agricultural sector are identified. Special attention is paid to the directions and mechanisms of socio-economic development of rural areas of the Siberian Federal District.

Directions of improving competitiveness of an oil and fat sub complex

Goncharenko O., Breslavets A., Anisko R.

The agricultural market of Russia as a whole and the market of oil and fat sub complex in particular from year to year is required to maintain a high competitive position, because in recent years there has been a positive dynamics of expansion of acreage of oilseeds, oil and fat business, import of vegetable oils and the conquest of the Russian domestic market from near and far abroad. The article made a rapid assessment of the state of oil and fat sub complex, reflects the main factors affecting the formation of the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, the grouping of functional and sectoral factors affecting the competitiveness of enterprises of oil and fat sub complex, as well as the analysis of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of oilseeds. The authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the process of production of oilseeds, and revealed the components (activities) that enhance their economic efficiency. The article proposes and justifies measures aimed at solving the current problems of competitiveness and effective development of fat-and-oil sub complex with a reserve for the near future. The most significant, according to the authors, are the economic, financial and production components of the micro-and macro - level, including the profitability of production and processing of oilseeds, the timely introduction of innovative technologies for the production of oilseeds, technical modernization of enterprises in the field of storage and processing of seeds on the terms of state funding programs and concessional lending to agricultural enterprises of oil and fat sub complex.

Factors of value of a food company (on the example of PJSC Cherkizovo)

Lipatnikov V., Sushich S.

The present paper contains a valuation of the PAO “Group “Cherkizovo”. The importance of this problem can be explained by the following reasons: analysis of efficiency of food companies is extremely important in the situation of food embargo, and the market value is an integral indicator of efficiency. In addition, PAO “Group “Cherkizovo” is one of the leading companies of the Russian agriculture and food industry and plays an important part on the food market. Valuation is based on cash flow analysis as other methods could not be implemented (either there were no necessary information or these methods did not correspond to the specificity of the problem). Cash flows were calculated on the basis of forecasted cash flows. The analysis demonstrated that the financial situation of the company is stable and that investors valuate it above the minimum value.

Import of vegetable products in the conditions of the Russian food embargo

Senotrusova S., Svinukhov V., Kovalyova E.

The Russian "economic" embargo has noticeable effect on volumes and cost of deliveries of vegetable products to Russia. There is analysis of foreign trade statistics on imports of goods of the group 07 commodity nomenclature of foreign economic activity of the EU to Russia. It is shown that the structure of exporting countries has changed dramatically over the past few years. There has been a reorientation of the supply of products from EU countries to the countries of the EU, China, and Azerbaijan. The total volume of deliveries in 2017 decreased significantly compared to 2014. In real terms, supplies decreased by 27%, in value by 39%. The main suppliers of vegetable products are China (22% of the volume of supplies, and 27% of the cost), Egypt (18% of the volume, 10% of the cost), Belarus (15% of the volume, 10% of the cost), Azerbaijan (10% of the volume, 12% of the cost).

Inevitable transformation of economy of the forest sector

Chochaev A.

In this article, the definition of the term “forest sector” is being given; the article also provides analysis of the comprehensive research behind it, research allowing drawing up an accurate picture of the current state of the world’s forest sector. The main goal of the study is to highlight the inevitability of the transformation of Russia’s forest sector given the new understanding of the roles of forests, forest resources, forestry, forest management, timber processing and timber trade in the world’s economic system. The world community recognizes the crucial role of the forest sector in the regulation of climate change. It is clear that while oceans have a more prominent role in absorption of carbon dioxide than forests have, humanity cannot regulate oceans’ input into the absorption of greenhouse gases, yet it is possible to regulate the input of forests into the greenhouse gases absorption. This article concern problematic legislation, attempts to divide the forest-managing responsibilities between the Federal and regional authorities, unreasoned financial and economic relations. Revision of the legislative acts administering the forest managing in densely populated regions of Russia is not connected to the realms of economy and the current state of human capital in lowly forested regions of Russia Thereafter, scientific research in theory of forest sector economics is needed. The research has to be comprehensive, start with the evaluation of basic criteria of forest capital, costs of ecosystem and social services provided by forests, include evaluation of the cost of forest resources together with the findings in the area of costs of all types of silviculture, forest management and transportation of forestry products

Investments abroad is as direction of agrarian policy of China

Paptsov A., Guseva E.

Disclosed The main reasons for the growing tensions in the resource supply of the food industry of China are revealed, which has necessitated the search for and development of new directions for providing food to the growing population of the country; at the same time, the growth of effective demand becomes the most important factor, which entails the need to restructure the structure of agricultural production and improve foreign economic activity in terms of enhancing investment activities abroad.

Methodological approaches of further development and improvement of the market of scientific and technical products in agriculture of Russia

Bondarenko T.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the further transformation of the Russian economy and its individual industries, which are based on fundamentally new methods of management with the use of modern digital and information technologies. Modernization of traditional production sectors of agriculture and creates the basis for the formation of a modern and efficient functioning market of scientific and technical products in Russia. Thus, the purpose of this study was to consider the methodological issues of development and improvement of the market of scientific products in the framework of the formation of new economic systems and the transition of the agro-industrial complex of Russia to the most effective and environmentally friendly technologies. The main results of the study is the author's generalization of the views of leading domestic and foreign scientists on the formation, development and effective functioning of the market of scientific products in agriculture. There are results of the research: the author's definition of the market of scientific products in agriculture is presented; the types of scientific products sold in agriculture are considered; the specific features of the market of scientific products in agriculture are presented.

Problems and the prospects of development of garden and orchard communities in Russia

Kalinina L., Kalinin N., Zelenskaya I., Vlasenko O.

The article is devoted to the issues of reforming horticultural and gardening non-commercial partnerships of citizens of the Russian Federation. It addresses the problems and prospects for the development of new forms of gardening communities that will take place in the Russian economy after the entry into force in January 2019 of the Federal Law "On Horticulture and Truck Gardening for Own Needs and on Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation". The authors give an assessment of the management of partnerships, their interaction with local authorities in creating an infrastructure that ensures the functioning of partnerships in the new economic conditions. Attention is paid to such important issues for any cooperative as membership in the partnership, the rights and obligations of members and non-members of the partnership, the collection of contributions for the needs of the partnership, participation in general meetings of the members of the partnership. The article can be useful for managers of garden and garden associations, local authorities, gardeners and gardeners themselves, as well as all those who are interested in the development of cooperative forms of management.

The strategic directions of development of integration processes in agrarian and industrial complex of Russia in the conditions of globalization

Zhevora S., Tulcheev V., Gordiyenko N.

The book J.K. Gelbroyt "New industrial society" is an important milestone in creation of more perfect society uniting the best achievements of planned and market economy, socialism and capitalism and also their rapprochement. Many developed countries of Europe and high-growth (China, India, Vietnam and others) assumed "an integrated system" as a basis them future living arrangement, having united the best world achievements of socialism and capitalism. The transition period lasting more than 25 years is characterized for Russia by average annual growth rates of economy in 1%, decrease in the volumes of investment for 10-15%, 80% of foreign trade in fuel and raw materials, polarization of income of citizens. The strategic directions of development of agrarian and industrial complex including reorientation of investments from millions of separate separate farms and the agrarian and industrial complex enterprises on creation of several hundred agro-industrial formations with a uniform technological chain and the uniform management are presented in article; transition in economy from financial to the production capital; development of "project financing" of banks.

Whether there is a potential for grain projects in the southern Non-Black Earth Region?

Svetlov N.

For check of a hypothesis the numerical behavioural model of Farrell’s type based on the nonparametric border of production capabilities constructed according to reporting data of the agricultural organizations is used. The hypothesis about the comparative advantages of grain production due to the availability of unused agricultural lands is supported for corporate farms in three oblasts of Russia's South Non-black-earth zone (Kaluga, Tula and Ryazan), only if the technological progress results in at least 1% productivity growth. In this case, the incremental grain production amounts to 4.10%. This capacity is not sufficient for implementing large-scale grain projects.