Зоологический журнал

A NEW GEOMETER-MOTH SPECIES OF THE GENUS

Vasilenko S.V.

The new species Earophila kolometsi sp. n. and its differences from E. badiata (Den. Et Schiff.) and E. correlata (War.) are described. The distribution of these species over the Asian territory of the former USSR is considered. Types of the new species are deposited at the Siberian Zoological Museum of the Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk).

DESCRIPTION OF THREE NEW WATER MITE SPECIES OF THE GENUS

Tuzovskii P.V.

An illustrated description of three new water mite species of the genus Hygrobates is given as follows: H. (Hygrobates) biwaensis male, female, and deutonymph; H. (Hygrobates) rarus male and female; and H. (Hygrobates) variabilis female. All three species were found in Biwa Lake (Japan). H. variabilis was also recorded in a flow-type reservoir of the Ussuri Reserve in Russian Primorye Territory.

EGG MORPHOLOGY IN ANTHOMYIIDAE (DIPTERA)

Gaponov S.P.

The fine structure of egg exochorion in Anthomyiidae was studied by light and raster microscopy. Ten species of seven genera were analyzed: Adia cinerella F1L, Anthomyia pluvalis L., Delia cardui Mg., D. liturata Mg., D.floralis Fll.,D. villosa Schnabl, Botanophila figax Mg., Acyglossa pollinosa Vill., Hylemya vagans Panzer, and Lasiomma sp. Exochorion is covered with a polygonal network of different structure {Delia, Lasiomma, Hylemya, and Botanophila), holes with elements of polygonal network {Adia) or with longitudinal ridges {Anthomyia and Acyglossa). The plastron surface in zona medianae consists of a network of horizontally branched columns with fungiform processes, which are supplemented with nipple-shaped {Adia, Botanophila, and Hylemya), arch- or club-shaped {Delia) structures. There are some aeropylar cripts on the surface. The cripts form an aeropilar area on the anterior {Botanophila, some Delia, Hylemya, Anthomyia, and Acyglossa) or posterior egg poles.

HABITAT DISTRIBUTION AND REPRODUCTIVE PECULIARITIES OF THREE RODENT SPECIES IN NORTHEASTERN MOSCOW REGION

Tikhonova G.N., Tikhonov I.A.

The results of ecological studies (1992-2002) at the forest reserve (50 km of Moscow) showed that the most abundant species were Clethrionomys glareolus, Apodemus agrarius, A. uralensis, Microtus arvalis, and M. rossiaemeridionalis. All of them were restricted to different habitats. So, Clethrionomys glareolus preferred forests and avoids meadows and anthropogenis sites. Apodemus uralensis occupied evenly various habitats. Apodemus agrarius and Microtus rossiaemridionalis preferred ruderal areas and were rarely recorded in forests. The species differences in the population structure and main parameters of reproduction were revealed. The preferable habitats for M. arvalis were meadows and large agrocenoses. Clethrionomys glareolus was distinguished by well expressed seasonal and biotopic changes in fertility and intensity of reproduction. Evidently, the disruptive selection affected the litter size of this species. In A. agrarius and M. rossiaemeridionalis, fertility increased in biotopes exposed to anthropogenic impact. A. uralensis demonstrated the most symmertical distribution of litter.

LARVAE OF SEA SPIDERS (ARTHROPODA, PYCNOGONIDA) FROM THE WHITE SEA

Bogomolova E.V., Malakhov V.V.

The postembryonic development of five pycnogonid species from the White Sea is described. Three types of their development are specified. The first type is characterized by the development of six-legged (protonymphon) larvae of medium size (120-220 \ш). They develop on ovigerous legs of males for some time, and then parasitize on hydrozoan polyps. The second developmental type is characterized by small-sized (about 50мm) protonymphon larvae. Six-legged larvae of Phoxichilidium femoratum have some adaptations for pelagic circulation. Afterwards, they are endoparasites. Pycnogonids with postembryonic development of the third type have no typical protonymphon larvae. Large larvae of the third type are of about 300-700 цт long and with a high yolk reserve. They remain on egg cocoons carred by male on its ovigerous legs until the development of abdomen and three or four pairs of walking legs and then leave the male. Some morphological features of larvae are discussed depending on a type of development.

ON BIOLOGY OF THE HUMPBACK SHRIMP

Bandurin K.V., Sokolov V.I.

More than 3000 specimens of humpback shrimps (Pandalus hypsinotus) from the northern Sea of Okhotsk were examined during three years of studies. This species is ubiquitous in the area bounded by 143°40' W and 153°26' E and depth contours from 150 to 470 m. The depth distribution of shrimps in the northern Sea of Okhotsk is similar to that in the eastern part of the Tatarskii Strait. The shrimps live at least 6-7 years, the length of their carapace reaches 44.4 mm.

SEASONAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION IN BRAIN-CASE VOLUME OF THE RED VOLE

Yaskin V. Ya., Emel'chenko N.N.

The variability of the brain-case volume in the red vole Clethrionomys rutilus was studied on the basis of the collection of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University. The possibility of using the small lead shot (1.25 mm in diameter) for measurement of the brain-case volume in the red vole is shown. The length, height of cranium between bullae, and the brain-case volume were measured in 240 animals caught in different seasons at the Kondo-Sos'vinskii Nature Reserve. The brain-case volume was maximal (560 mm3) in the animals caught in August-September. The mean brain-case volume started declining drastically from October, and in mid-Janyary it was by 28% less than in September. In winter, some individuals (20% of the sampling) appeared with the brain-case, the volume of which was less than the minimal its values recorded in summer specimens. Since seasonal changes in the population structure may lead only to changes in the mean and maximal values (under condition that young did not replenish the population), these data cannot prove the winter decrease in the brain-case volume of individuals. The seasonal variation of the brain-case volume in red voles reflects the dynamics of the cranium mass in these animals. Other craniological parameters also changes. The height of cranium between bullae correlates to a greater degree wtih seasonal changes in the braincase volume. The latter increases toward the north and at the foothills, as well as to the east (to the Yenisei River), and decreases in Yakutia.

SOUND SIGNALS IN MOLE CRICKETS (ORTHOPTERA, GRYLLOTALPIDAE) FROM EASTERN EUROPE

Zhantiev R.D., Korsunovskaya O.S., Sorokin N.N., Chukanov V.S.

The relationship between temporal and frequency parameters of male's calling songs and air temperature was studied in three

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR IN THE SPOTTED SOUSLIK

Titov S.V.

Ethological studies (450 h) were conducted in two colonies of spotted souslik for three years (1996-1998) in Ul'yanovsk oblast. The analysis of 24 reproductive contacts allowed us to reveal the species-specific reproductive strategy - monogamy with the pronounced malemale competition. This type of sexual relations is supported by definite factors, such as the spatial separation of stiff females and cyclic structure of sexual contacts. The readiness of females to copulation mainly determines the direction of reproductive interactions. The results obtained are discussed and compared with data on the reproductive behavior of other representatives of the genus Spermophilus.

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN THE MANED HAMSTER

Naumova E.I., Zharova G.K.

The morphology of the digestive tract in the maned hamster Lophiomys imhausi was investigated in details as well as the digesta fiber reduction as a result of the microbial fermentation. The microstructure of the gastrointestinal tract along with the ultrastructure of the cornified epithelium surface in this rodent is described for the first time. The results obtained shows that the maned hamster may be realistically referred to a group of mammalian forestomach fermenters. However, fibrous components appear not to be the main nutrient for the maned hamster, as large hardly fermented fiber particles prevail in the stomach and gut content. Easily digested substances are suggested to be the main source of nutrients for this rodent.

STRUCTURE OF CARRIER AND VECTOR FAUNA IN COMBINED NATURAL FOCI OF TRANSMISSIBLE HUMAN DISEASES IN SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN AND KIRGHIZIA AND INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN THEIR PARASITOGENIC SYSTEMS

Rapoport L.P.

The comparative analysis of the biocenotic structure of combined natural foci of plague, tularemia, argas tick borreliosis, spot fever, Q-fever, and zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniosis performed on the basis of more than 30 year observations showed that the parasitogenic systems of these foci had common members, such as mass species of wild mammals and (sometimes) bloodsucking invertebrates that parasitize on them. Thus, if there are natural foci of different transmissible infections in the same area, they are closely related to each other and form a single epizotic complex.

The International Conference "Snakes of Eastern Europe"

Anan'eva N.B., Bakiev A.V., Garanin V.I., Malenev A.L.

THREE NEW SPECIES OF FREE-LIVING NEMATODES FROM VIETNAMESE WATER BODIES

Gagarin V.G., Nguyen Vu Thanh

Three new species of nematodes found in water bodies of Vietnam are descibed and illustrated. Terschellingia elegans sp. n. is close to T. supplementa Tchesunov 1978, but differs in the less slender body, shorter cephalic setae, presence of well-developed of stoma and absence somatic and cervical setae. Adoncholaimus parvus sp. n. differs from A. lepidus (de Man 1889) and A. aralensis Filipjev 1924 in the narrower stoma, shorter tail, longer spicules and absence of nuremous precloacal setae in males. Dorylaimus parvus sp. n. differs from D. afghanicus Andrassy 1960 in the smaller body, shorter tail in females, shorter spicules, less number of supplements in males and vulva situated nearly to body middle, and differs from D. carinatus Thorne, Swanger 1936 in the shorter tail in females, shorter spicules, a less number of supplements in males and vulva situated further from body middle.

О МИТОЗАХ У ЗАРОДЫШЕЙ И ЛИЧИНОК ВЕТВИСТОКИШЕЧНЫХ ТУРБЕЛЛЯРИЙ CYCLOPORUS JAPONICUS И NOTOPLANA HUMILIS (PLATHELMINTHES) С РАЗЛИЧНЫМ ТИПОМ РАЗВИТИЯ

ДРОБЫШЕВА И.М.

Исследовалась клеточная пролиферация в зародышах (на стадиях органогенеза) и вылупившихся личинках у двух видов поликлад с разным типом развития. У поликлады с безлопастной личинкой (Notoplana humilis) деление клеток в эктодерме прекращается вскоре после гаструляции. При развитии с Мюллеровской личинкой (Cycloporus japonicus) митотическая активность в эпидермисе сохраняется и на личиночной стадии. В обоих случаях митозы не обнаружены в кишке, но встречаются в мезодерме. Особенности организации эктодермы зародышей и личинок демонстрируют ускоренный гистогенез покровов у поликлады с безлопастной личинкой. Митозы в эктодерме Мюллеровской личинки свидетельствуют о более примитивном типе развития, чем развитие с безлопастной лепешковидной личинкой.